Beta values range from 20 to 1000, but the default is 200. This is called the factor of amplification and it is a measured amplified current. The forward current gain is usually referred to as the beta version, denoted by β (beta), which is the ratio of the collector current to the base current. Current gain is an important property that is mainly used to determine the gain of a transistor. The emitter is a highly doped alloy and the collector is lightly doped This NPN transistor is a bipolar control-current device, and unlike MOSFETs, it is a unipolar control-current device. The collector and emitter differ slightly in size and doping concentration.

In this configuration, the input signal can increase by 20 dB, which is 100 times greater than the input signal. The common emitter configuration is mainly used for amplification purposes because it includes the appropriate voltage and power gains needed for amplification purposes. These transistors can be configured in three basic configurations. Similarly, the voltage on the collector terminal is greater than the voltage on the base terminal. The silicon 2N2219 NPN transistor features a base with a positive and an emitter with a negative. If the base current is removed, then the transistor goes to OFF condition completely, and this phase is called the cut-off region, and the base-emitter voltage can be about 600 mV. This phase is called the saturation region. When the 2N2219 transistor is in fully biased condition, up to 800 mA of maximum current can flow through the collector and emitter terminals. This current (IB) value must be limited to 5mA by connecting the transistor to the base terminal. The maximum current of 800 mA flows through the collector terminal, so this transistor should not be connected to a load that draws more than 800 mA.įor biasing the transistor, it is necessary to apply current to the base terminal. 2N2219 has a gain of 50hfe, which determines the amplifying capacity (gain) of the transistor.

When a positive voltage is fed to the base terminal, electrons begin to flow from the emitter to the collector, and the number of electrons is controlled by the base.īecause the 2N2219 is an NPN transistor, the collector and emitter remain open (reverse bias condition) when the base terminal is held to the ground and remain closed (forward bias condition) when the input signal is applied to the base terminal. The 2N2219 transistor is a current-controlled device that uses low current at the base terminal to control high current at the emitter and collector terminals. The 2N2219 NPN transistors are configured into 3 different transistor configurations as Common Emitter, Common Base, and Common Collector. The electron’s movement plays a vital role in determining the conductance of this 2N2219 NPN transistor.

2n2222 transistor applications